Genome wide transcriptome profiling reveals differential gene. It is adapted to grow on a wide variety of soils types, but. This type of citronella oil typically has a higher citronellal content than that of c. Cymbopogon mcgill university school of computer science. Cymbopogon winterianus jowitt was named after winter, who raised its population as a separate species in the 19th century.
Citronella oil is the main product of java citronella grass cymbopogon winterianus jowitt rich in geraniol and citronellol, widely used in. Free how to download pdf book full guide book detail. Cymbopogon winterianus is a robust, aromatic, evergreen, perennial, clumpforming grass with numerous erect culms arising from a short rhizome. Cymbopogon winterianus cymbopogon grass legal status. Usda, ars, germplasm resources information network. Plants profile for cymbopogon winterianus cymbopogon grass. Genome wide transcriptome profiling reveals differential.
A potter spray tower was used to spray insects with the essential oil. The hazard classification and labelling section shows the hazards of a substance based on the standardised system of statements and pictograms established under the clp classification labelling and packaging regulation. Review on pharmacological activity of cymbopogon citratus karkala manvitha, bhushan bidya abstract cymbopogon citratus belonging to the family gramineae is an herb worldwide known as lemongrass. Cymbopogon nardus, citronella grass, nardus, nard grass, mana. Biomass yield and essential oil yield variations in java. Cymbopogon nardus is a clump forming grass that should be planted in well drained soil and positioned in plenty of sun.
Biosynthesis of monoterpenes in cymbopogon winterianus. Essential oils from cymbopogon species of diverse origin have been studied extensively, both previously and currently 19. Cymbopogon definition of cymbopogon by merriamwebster. Cymbopogon winterianus, essential oil composition, linalool, citronellol. Oil yield was positively and significantly correlated with tillers. Citronella is an herb from indonesia with long thin leaves, stalks and inflorescences. Pdf essential oil of cymbopogon winterianus jowitt from. The substance identifiers displayed in the infocard are the best available substance name, ec number, cas number andor the molecular and structural formulas.
Pdf essential oil composition of cymbopogon winterianus and. Phenotypic and rapd diversity among cymbopogon winterianus. With powerful pest repellent benefits, citronella oil keeps creepycrawlers out of the house and off your skin and clothing. Cymbopogon winterianus in the germplasm resources information network grin, u. Effect of distillation methods on citronella oil cymbopogon nardus. The substance identity section is calculated from substance identification information from all echa databases. Cymbopogon refractus barbwire grass cymbopogon schoenanthus camel grass cymbopogon tortilis. It has a lemony flavor and can be dried and powdered, or used fresh. Dec 25, 20 plant description it is a tufted aromatic perennial herb with fibrous roots, erect over 2 m tall, with smooth leaves and bearing a large inflorescence.
Review on pharmacological activity of cymbopogon citratus. Department of agriculture agricultural research service. The larvicidal activity of essential oils eos extracted from cymbopogon citratus, cymbopogon winterianus, eucalyptus citriodora, and eucalyptus camaldulensis aromatic plants grown in vietnam was evaluated on aedes aegypti larvae. Antifungal, antibacterial insect repellent, loosens mucus, coughs, colds, sinus congestion, cramps, stress. Buy online citronella essential oil essential natural oils. This page was last edited on 3 september 2017, at 06. Citronella grass is mainly grown for its commercial essential oils and the systematic study of its chemical composition resulted in several other benefits apart from the development of analytical methods for quality assessment.
These species are used for the production of citronella oil, which is used in soaps, as an insect repellent especially mosquitoes in insect sprays and candles, and in aromatherapy. Extraction and characterization of essential oil components based. Field crops rabi importance, area, production and productivity of major cereals, pulses, oilseeds, sugar crops, medicinal and aromatics and forage crops wheat triticum sp barley hordeum vulgare triticale rabi pulses. Where does citronella come from from two species of grass in the cymbopogon genus. The clp regulation makes sure that the hazards presented by chemicals are clearly communicated to. Cymbopogon citratus lemon grass cymbopogon distans. Apiaceae essential oils were investigated against 19 fungal and 7 bacterial species. Citronella essential oil is steam distilled from a fragrant grass similar to lemongrass, but with a sweeter scent. This study examines the active component of cymbopogon winterianus java citronella oil, as a green mosquito repellent, obtained through a steam distillation method. Citronella essential oil is a known powerful insect repellent and an ideal companion during outdoor activities. Citronella is a genus of trees and shrubs with large perennial leaves, wild or. Citronella java cymbopogon winterianus essential oil. Roots can be chopped into stir fry or made into paste. Citronella is a tall grass grown in asia with a crisp, fresh aroma.
Cymbopogon winterianus jal pallavi can be cultivated on almost every type of the soil. Constituent chart baornyl cetate helps to support a healthy respiratory system. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of cymbopogon. The protection of grains with alternative products, such as essential oils, is a possible alternative to meet the needs described above. Insects free fulltext the mosquito larvicidal activity. It is grown in sri lanka, india, burma, indonesia and java. Pdf essential oil composition of cymbopogon winterianus. Citronella grass cymbopogon nardus and cymbopogon winterianus is similar to the species above but grows to 2 m and has red base stems. Introduction cymbopogon citrates staff is popularly known as citronella grass or lemongrass. Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species profiles. Therefore, this investigation evaluated the applications of basil, ocimum basilicum, and citronella, cymbopogon winterianus, essential oils for a. Eases congestion after a long day standing on your feet. Cymbopogon winterianus jowitt citronella cymbopogon martinii roxb. Citronella java cymbopogon winterianus a calming oil, noted to be effective against excessive perspiration and as an insect repellent.
Influence of season, harvest time and drying on java citronella. Citronella cymbopogon winterianus cultivation slips. Download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf molluscicidal and larvicidal activities and essential oil composition of cymbopogon winterianus article pdf available in pharmaceutical biology 51. It is soothing to the skin and creates an uplifting atmosphere. From the leaf of a tall grass native to asia, citronella essential oil has a crisp, fresh aroma. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Embryogenic callus was induced from immature inflorescence segments of java citronella cymbopogon winterianus and maintained for 2 years on. But soil of specific and experimental field of kannauj was loamy sand, with ph 6. Cymbopogon citriodora westindian lemon grass cymbopogon flexuosus eastindian lemon grass cymbopogon winterianus jowitt citronella grass cymbopogon martini. Citronella grass cymbopogon nardus and cymbopogon winterianus grow to about 2 m 6. Essential oil composition of cymbopogon winterianus. Just be sure to bring the pot in before the first frost. Distributed over africa, asia and southern america. Citronella is the source of the commercial citronella oil, used in perfumery and as an insect repellent.
Cymbopogon nardus, citronella grass, nardus, nard grass. Cymbopogon, also known as lemongrass, barbed wire grass, silky heads, cochin grass, malabar grass, oily heads or fever grass, is a genus of asian, african, australian, and tropical island plants in the grass family. A gallon or larger pot makes a good starter home for one of our three inch pots of citronella grass. The eos were hydrodistilled in a clevengertype apparatus. Yellowing and crinkling disease and its impact on the yield. The most common of these citronella grasses is cymbopogon nardus, a native of sri lanka. The chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of cymbopogon winterianus. Camphor helps support a healthy respiratory system. Pdf cymbopogon essential oils chemical compositions and. Cymbopogon winterianus jowitt show all show tabs cymbopogon grass. Field crops rabi with multiple choice questions language. Citronella is clumpforming tropical grass, the clump increases in size as the plant matures. The citrusflavored blades leaves can be used in tea or soup, even dried and frozen or powdered. For most of the traits examined, genetic correlations were found to be larger than phenotypic correlations.
To utilize the crop resources more efficiently during this lag phase, a field experiment was conducted for two years 1995. Poaceae is a perennial, multiharvest aromatic grass, the shoot biomass of which, on steam distillation, yields an essential oil extensively used in fragrance and flavour industries. Citronella cymbopogon winterianus jowitt is an important aromatic grass belonging to the poaceae family with proven therapeutic and medicinal values. Cymbopogon winterianus health effects and herbal facts. It is commonly used in soap manufacturing, perfumery, and as an insect repellent. Genetic variability and relationship in quantitative and. Insecticidal properties of ocimum basilicum and cymbopogon. It is also an outstanding ornamental grass that lends great beauty to garden areas regardless of. Browse pictures and read growth cultivation information about citronella cymbopogon winterianus supplied by member gardeners in the plantfiles database at daves garden. Planting of slips were done in 100 square meter area of the field. The mosquito repellent activity of the active component of. It is also an outstanding ornamental grass that lends great beauty to garden areas regardless of whether its culinary. The aim of this work was to evaluate insecticidal activity of essential oil from citronella grass, cymbopogon winterianus, on f. Creates a warming sensation to the skin, helping soothe discomfort associated with normal wear and tear on the.
Planting of slips were done in 100 square meter area of. In traditional chinese medicine it is used for rheumatic pain. Cymbopogon citratus, pharmacological activity, essential oil. Lemon grass is a tufted perennial grass growing to a height of 1. Cymbopogon definition is a genus of grasses occurring in warm regions of the old world and having compound flower clusters of paired racemes enclosed by bracts that resemble spathes. The plants database includes the following 10 species of cymbopogon. Cymbopogon winterianus oil is produced in large quantities in java, taiwan and china.
Lemongrass wikibooks, open books for an open world. Citronella is a genus of trees and shrubs with large perennial leaves, wild or cultivated from tropical regions. The species cymbopogon winterianus jowitt is believed to have originated from the wellknown species cymbopogon nardus, type maha pengiri, referred to as ceylonese sri lankan commercial citronella. Pdf molluscicidal and larvicidal activities and essential. This species belongs to the gramineae family, which comprises approximately 500 genus and 8,000 herb species 1. Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from inflorescence. These species are used for the production of citronella oil, which is used in soaps, as a mosquito repellent in insect sprays and candles, and also in aromatherapy, which is famous in bintan, indonesia. Cymbopogon citratus grows best under sunny, warm and humid conditions at elevations below 750 m, with mean annual temperatures ranging from 23c to 30c and mean annual rainfall between 25003000 mm.
Java citronella oil, which contains citronellol, citronellal, and geraniol, was isolated by batch vacuum fractional distillation, and their effect was tested against the dengue fever df vector, known as aedes aegypti. Cultivation of citronella cymbopogon winterianus and. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of. Download fulltext pdf essential oil composition of cymbopogon winterianus and carum carvi and their antimicrobial activities article pdf available in pharmaceutical biology 466. Thirty accessions of java citronella cymbopogon winterianus, jowitt and four accessions three indian and one sri lankan of ceylon citronella c. Plant description it is a tufted aromatic perennial herb with fibrous roots, erect over 2 m tall, with smooth leaves and bearing a large inflorescence. Cymbopogon citratus, commonly called lemongrass, is a frosttender clumping perennial grass that is popularly used as a lemony flavoring in thai, vietnamese, laotian and cambodian cooking and is widely cultivated in southeast asia for that purpose. Some species particularly cymbopogon citratus are commonly cultivated as culinary and medicinal herbs because of their scent, resembling that of lemons citrus limon. Cymbopogon flexuosus is a highly productive and vigorous plant that has good yield of dry mass 725 t ha. Cymbopogon article about cymbopogon by the free dictionary. Cymbopogon winterianus, thrips, green peach aphid, volatile components, natural insecticide.
Dec 26, 2014 this page was last edited on 3 september 2017, at 06. This essential oil was obtained by steam distillation and components were identified by gcfid and gcms. Lemon grass or lemongrass is a perennial herb used in asian particularly thai and vietnamese and caribbean cooking. This paper describes chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of cymbopogon nardus citronella essential oil against edwardsiella spp. Field crops rabi with multiple choice questions pdf book.
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